Thursday, October 24, 2019
An Analysis Of Cousin Kate And The Seduction Essay
The title sounds like a woman is talking about her ââ¬Å"Cousin Kateâ⬠and not especially about herself. Itââ¬â¢s like her side of the story in the poem. The poem is about a lady in about the 1814 (the olden times). She falls in love with a rich person who sounds like the king which says here ââ¬Å"Why did a great lord find me outâ⬠and then he flatters and uses her to the point where she is pregnant and has a child. This part from the poem shows that a rich person or so a king found her and abused her when she thought he really truly loved her but no he did not. ââ¬Å"He changed me like a gloveâ⬠. Then she praises her cousin about her looks and her wealth too. She says ââ¬Å"You grew more fair I:â⬠â⬠¦ ââ¬Å"Because you so good and pureâ⬠She then talks bout how true her love was and Kateââ¬â¢s wasnââ¬â¢t and she wants to spit in her ex lords face because she did not like him for his money or his land just because it was true love. ââ¬Å"O cousin Kate my love was true, And your love was writ in sand:â⬠This tells us that the Lord probably chose her cousin Kate because she was beautiful and because she was from a wealthy family and not then narrator because she says she was not that wealthy â⬠¦ ââ¬Å"Call me an outcast thing, Even so I sit an howl in dustâ⬠â⬠¦ At then she goes on to talking about her son which I think she had mentioned before in the poem were it says ââ¬Å"So now I moan, an unclean thingâ⬠as if she did not want a child but now I think she is pleased with having a special gift which is her child and then she goes on to saying that her cousin Kate will never get what she has got because she never destined to get it. It says in the poem ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ve got a gift you have not got, And seem not like to get: â⬠¦ Iââ¬â¢ve little doubt you fret. My fair haired son my shame, my prideâ⬠â⬠¦ So she does not regret anything that has happened. She criticises her sister a little throughout the poem and is always saying she made a mistake but she got the best out of it like her fair headed son. Seduction means to seduce which means to lead astray and then tempt them into a sin or crime which the whole poem is based on. The poem is about a girl who gets persuaded by a handsome boy that he is the one for her and she can trust him fully. In the poem it says ââ¬Å"She had nodded, quite enchantedâ⬠â⬠¦ ââ¬Å"so she fell in loveâ⬠so she thinks that he has chosen her or she is the one for him. Later in this poem she finds out that she is 3 months gone in other terms three months pregnant with her x boyfriendââ¬â¢s baby. ââ¬Å"When she discovered she was three months goneâ⬠She is frightened and very scared and the poem tells ââ¬Å"And realised, for once, that she was truly truly frightenedâ⬠She hates her life so much that she would rather take drugs than live in this hell that she has made by herself trusting some boy she had met at the party. She tells us that she wants to take drugs by ââ¬Å"But then again better to be smoking scented drugsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ From that moment on her life lead her into a totally different path. She talks about her bright and colourful past which she can remember very clearly and wants to go back where she was with her friends in different places lie Blackpool by saying ââ¬Å"Where were the glossy photographs of summer, Day trips to Blackpool, jumping all the rides?â⬠so thatââ¬â¢s why she wants to go back into her lively past. This poem shows how life can be sometimes and that you can never trust it. It shows her experiences with a lovely, gorgeous boy (what she thinks of him) and after how she is completely shattered. ââ¬Å"With fingers that stroked her neck and thighsâ⬠â⬠¦ to ââ¬Å"she cried that she had missed all her innocence around herâ⬠so that shows you what the narrator felt and was like from her past to her present. This poem might make boys seem bad and horrible but all boys are normally not like that and that girls always fall into a trap but sometimes they donââ¬â¢t from what it says in the poem like ââ¬Å"All the parties where youââ¬â¢d meet the boy next door, Where you walk hand in hand, in an acneââ¬â¢d wonderland,â⬠â⬠¦ This shows that she remembers the past and its like she cusses it and that she doesnââ¬â¢t want it to happen again like its going to happen again.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Lead Change Ba
lead Leading Change ââ¬â British Airways case: references MBA 2013 Core Grugulis, I. , Wilkinson, A. (2002) Managing Culture at British Airways: Hype, Hope and Reality. Long Range Planning, 35, 2, 179-194. Kotter, J. (2007) `Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Failââ¬â¢, Harvard Business Review, January 2007, pp. 96 ââ¬â 103 Recommended Beer, M. & Nohria, N. 2000, ââ¬Å"Cracking the Code of Changeâ⬠, Harvard Business Review, vol. May-June, pp. 133-141. Vermeulen, F. , Puranam, P. & Gulati, R. 2010, ââ¬Å"Change for Change's Sakeâ⬠, Harvard business review, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 70-76 Supplementary Burnes, B. 2004, Managing Change, Fourth edn, Financial Times/Prentice Hall, London. Grey, C. 2003, ââ¬Å"The Fetish of Changeâ⬠, TAMARA: Journal of Critical Postmodern Organization Science, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1-19. Jick, T. D. & Peiperl,M. A. (2003) (2nd edn) `Managing Change: cases and conceptsââ¬â¢, Boston: McGraw-Hill (pp 26-44) Kegan, R. & Lahey, L. L. 2001, ââ¬Å"The real reason people won't changeâ⬠, Harvard Business Review no. November, pp. 84-92. Kotter, J. P. (1996) Leading change, Boston, Mass. Harvard Business School Press (658. 406) 4 copies in UniS library, and available as an e-book Morgan, G. 2006, Images of Organization, 4th edn, Sage, London. Robbins, H. and Finley, M. (1997) Why Change Doesnââ¬â¢t Work, London: Orion Business Books (out of print, sections 1,2, and 3 are available at http://mfinley. com/bizbooks/list-changebook. htm) Watzlawick, P. , Weakland, J. , & Fisch, R. 1974, Change: principles of problem formation and problem resolution W. W. Norton & Co. , New York.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Religions Vs. Cults Is There A Difference Professor Ramos Blog
Religions Vs. Cults Is There A Difference Religions are such a touchy subject. There are thousands of religions in the world today, but they all differ in ideology. Anytime anyone brings up a matter of his or her ââ¬Å"beliefs,â⬠everyone seems to get uncomfortable and changes the subject. Cults, are an even touchier subject. Every time someone says ââ¬Å"cult,â⬠our brains automatically associate with Heavenââ¬â¢s Gate, Children of God, Peopleââ¬â¢s Temple, David Koreshââ¬â¢s Branch Davidians, or Aum Shinriyko. What is a cult, exactly? What makes a religion a religion? Is there that big of a difference? I am going to explain what a religion is, what a cult is, and the commonalities and differences between cults and religions. This is important because when someone is looking for something to believe in or follow; one must know exactly what they are getting into. Converting to a religion is a big commitment, so people need to be aware of what they are getting themselves into and to notice to signs of a possible faux religion. According to the Lexico Dictionary, the definition of religion is, ââ¬Å"the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or godsâ⬠(Religion). Having faith in a god, or numerous gods, usually means that is a religion. A religion has a set of beliefs that lay out a set of guidelines on how to reach the path to God, or the gods. Eric Dietrich Ph.D. states in his 2015 article, ââ¬Å"Why Are There So Many Religions?,â⬠ââ¬Å"that there are tens of thousands of religions on planet Earth todayâ⬠(Dietrich 2). The fact that there are so many religions in the world can be a little confusing. A theory of why there are so many variations of religions is that, ââ¬Å"we are each seeking our own path to God, and our own paths vary because we varyâ⬠(Dietrich 2). Mostly all religious groups always feel like they are practicing the right religion over the others in the world. It is hard to say which is wrong and which one is right. The basic ideology of religion varies since they all are so different. The oldest religion, that is still being practiced today, is Hinduism. Hinduismââ¬â¢s ideology is, ââ¬Å"the goal to become free from the law of karmaâ⬠(Adamson). Hindus believe in numerous gods and goddesses, karma, and reincarnation, so in other words, oneââ¬â¢s soul will continue to rebirth on Earth until the soul has fully reached spiritual perfection and can finally rest at peace. A more familiar religion in America is Christianity. Christians believe in the one almighty God, and the basic ideology is to worship only Him, follow the Ten Commandments, and to live for God. Even though these two religions are vastly different, they are similar in that they believe in a higher supernatural power, which is not here on Earth, and they also try to follow a peaceful way of life to reach the path of their god. In retrospect, even though each religion may be different in names and whom they exactly believe in , they both are very similar in the fact that they live for someone higher than them. ââ¬Å"The term cult used to refer to a minor religious sect that practices its own peculiar rituals,â⬠but, ââ¬Å"nowadays, it suggests a secretive and dangerous groupâ⬠(Galanter 1). Cults have always been a taboo to society. There is always a bad connotation with the word cult. A cult is traditionally defined as a new religious movement. From the beginning of religion, any branched off religion that was not the original religion, was considered a cult. Judaism, Buddhism, and Christianity were all technically associated with being a cult at the beginning of their debut. They only became religions when they got enough real estate and followers. Cults have basic ideology as well because they ââ¬Å"align themselves with mainstream religionsâ⬠(Coughlin). Members of cults believe in a higher power, but the higher power is usually the leader of that cult. They promise the path to a divine afterlife alongside God, or themselves, the leader. These religious groups, cults, are so appealing to people because ââ¬Å"they offer the simple path to happiness, to success, to salvation by following their simple rules,â⬠and ââ¬Å"each member contributes to the power of the leader by trading his or her freedom for the illusion of security and reflected glory that group membership holdsâ⬠(Zimbardo 2). The lines between a religion and a cult are very blurred. Because cults are based off of well-known religions, or religious beliefs, that we all are very familiar with, so it comes down to logistics to see the differences. The first difference is that cults ââ¬Å"can be financially exploitative, like Scientology, which requires its members to literally buy into the religion at different checkpoints on their road to total faithâ⬠(Whatââ¬â¢s 2). Although, orthodox churches do ask for offerings or donations, but it is not mandatory to prove your faith to that church or god. On the other hand, these orthodox churches will have an ââ¬Å"alms-giving policy that requires members to donate ten percent of their earnings out of charityâ⬠(Whatââ¬â¢s 4). Understandably, every organization needs money to operate, religion or cult. Another difference is that religions believe in worshiping the followings and teachings of a supernatural power, whereas a cult will have the leader , here on Earth, be the higher power. This contrast is where the idea of manipulation comes into play. Many argue that cults will twist the words of the religious beliefs they run off to make them have faith in ââ¬Å"committing suicide upon command or destroying the cultââ¬â¢s enemies,â⬠anyone not in favor of them (Zimbardo 4). Mainstream religions continuously preach to do no harm to others or yourself. In these popular religions, committing suicide or murder is a cardinal sin and against all teachings, and any act of it will be automatic damnation to Hell. Philip G. Zimbardo Ph.D. states in his journal, ââ¬Å"What Messages Are Behind Todayââ¬â¢s Cults?,â⬠ââ¬Å"that the major difference between a religion and a cult is what happens when a member tries to leaveâ⬠(Zimbardo 4). His theory is that if a member of a conventional church isnââ¬â¢t happy with the way the church is being ran, or even disagrees with the teachings, one can choose to leave the chur ch in search of a new path, no problem. If one doesnââ¬â¢t agree with a cultââ¬â¢s teachings once they have already pledged their allegiance and attempts to leave, that member is now looked at as a traitor and can be held hostage, be punished, or even killed for their unsupportive feelings toward the group and itââ¬â¢s leader. These points of differences are very subtle, but they are a big factor is what distinguishes the two groups. The resemblance of a religion and a cult are so parallel, that they overlap in many concepts. Both groups ââ¬Å"demonstrate great zeal and unquestioning commitment to their leader. Doubt, skepticism, and debate are discouraged and sometimes even punished. Current members are always looking to acquire new members and money. Thereââ¬â¢s a mentality that there are two kinds of people in the world: this in the group, and everyone elseâ⬠(Whatââ¬â¢s 1). No one in a mainstream religion wants to hear that there are so many similarities in religions and cults, but this is reality. The two groups practice rituals and ceremonies, have reverence for spiritual leaders, have dogmatic adherence to myths, have a system of moral laws, have supernatural or deistic beliefs and have a veneration of sacred symbols. ââ¬Å"A religion is an old cult. A cult is a new religious movement,â⬠(Whatââ¬â¢s 3). Religions and cults go hand in hand. Even though people may not want to admit it, every religion started off as a cult because it was anew way of thinking. With all these new teachings and more options to follow, it allowed people all over the world to choose what worked best for their lifestyle. It is true, we all think differently and we all have a different outlook on which higher power is looking down on us, guiding our every move. Even though cults have now gotten a bad reputation for the radical groups that have been associated with them, all cults are not bad. Cults are the beginning to a new movement and a new path to salvation. Without the start of cults, branch offs of mainstream religions, we would not have any of the religions we have today. Adamson, Mariyln. ââ¬Å"Connecting with the Divine.â⬠EveryStudent.com, www.everystudent.com/features/connecting.html. This article gives the run down of the five major religions in the world still practiced today. It covers Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism, Judaism, and Islam. I am using this information from this article to compare and contrast the different religions today and how they are similar and how they are different. I want to prove that even if religions are not the same, the ideology is basically the same, with the exception of a few particulars. This is more of a blog post, but I feel like it is credible because the author has done religious studies and has traveled to many countries to study religious culture. Coughlin, Sara. ââ¬Å"Where Is The Line Between A Cult A Religion?â⬠The Difference Between A Cult And Religion, Explained, 31 Aug. 2018, www.refinery29.com/en-us/cult-vs-religion-difference. This article explains the differences from cults and religions. It really highlights the more modern cults that have a bad name. I think this article does a good job of comparing and contrasting the things alike and different from religions and cults. I am using this article to show some of the different points it makes aside from the journals, since this article in particular describing the bad cults that can be very manipulative and harmful. Although this source is from an online article that is just more opinion based, the author did an interview with Janja Lalich, Ph. D, who is a professor of sociology ar California State University, Chico. The author quotes the doctor and their findings in the research that they have conducted about cults over the years. Dietrich, Eric. ââ¬Å"Why Are There So Many Religions?â⬠Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 7 Apr. 2015, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/excellent-beauty/201504/why-are-there-so-many-religions. In this article, it breaks down the estimated number of how many religions there are in the world. It also continues to explain why the number of religions in the world is so high. The main point of the whole article is that everyone has a common goal, which is to find the path to their God, but everyoneââ¬â¢s paths do not always align. There are many ways to findings one purpose, so that is why there are many different derivatives. I am using this information in my report to show the number of current religions in the world. I want to show that religion is such an open statement and can be interpreted in many different ways. This source is not scholarly, but it was written by, Eric Dietrich Ph.D., whom is a professor of philosophy at Binghamton University and is a current editor in chief of the Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence. I think his words are valid since he teaches philosophy of religion. Galanter, Marc.Cults: Faith, healing and coercion. Oxford University Press, 1999. This book is a sequel to the study of cults with updated research. In this book, the author goes into detail about what a cult actually is. Cults never used to be a bad, awful, terrible thing, it was just a new movement of a religious culture. Nowadays, cults are always associated with a bad reputation, but it is more complicated than that. I am using this information in my report to explain how cults came about and how they took a total left turn into what we know today. I am trying to prove the point that religions and cults are not that much different if you lay out all the facts that this book displays. This is a reliable source because it is scholarly. Marc Galanter wrote this book and he was a Professor of Law Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin Law School, where he taught religion and law. ââ¬Å"Religion: Definition of Religion in English by Lexico Dictionaries.â⬠Lexico Dictionaries | English, Lexico Dictionaries, 25 June 2019, www.lexico.com/en/definition/religion. This is an online dictionary sponsored by The English Oxford Dictionary, so I feel like it is a credible source to get a proper, and valid, definition. I wanted to use the definition of religion to have my audience get a better understanding of what exactly a religion is. Tremlin, Todd. Minds and Gods: The Cognitive Foundations Of Religions. Oxford University Press, 2010. In this book, it lays out a plethora of different types of religions and every single one of their ideologies. It explains the foundations of the religion in Sri Lanka all the way to the Catholic Church teachings. This book highlights the commonality between all the types of religions, which is the beliefs in gods. I am using this research within my report to explain the base foundations of religions and how they really are similar once you get down to the base of all the different teachings. It also goes into depth about the power of the mind and how religion goes hand in hand with what you believe to be right or wrong, or even which god is valid and which one is not. This is a scholarly book that was written by a Professor at Central Michigan University, whom is also the head of the religion program. ââ¬Å"Whats the Difference Between Religion and a Cult? Is There?â⬠Guff, 2015, guff.com/whats-the-difference-between-religion-and-a-cult-is-there. In this article, it does a good job of really comparing and contrasting cults and religions. It lays out soe base foundations and asks the reader to really think if those characteristics of a cult or a religion. This article states that the lines distinguishing cults and religions are really blurred, since technically, all religions were cults at one point in time. I am going to use the information form this article post to really drive the point that there is no difference between a cult and a religion because of ideologies are very similar, almost identical. This source is just more of a blog post, but I do believe that this post is credible because they do cite researchers that have done their research on religions. Zimbardo, Philip. What messages are behind todayââ¬â¢s cults.(1997). In this journal, the author talks about the ideology and the appeal about cults. This author explains why a person might voluntarily join a ââ¬Å"cult.â⬠It also explains how the ideology of cults can easily be manipulated by itââ¬â¢s leaders into thinking this is really a new revolution. I am using this information to highlight the rational perspectives of the people who get wrapped up in these ââ¬Å"new religious movements.â⬠There are always two sides to the story, and in all cases, cults arenââ¬â¢t necessarily meant to be a bad thing. This information is from a scholarly source. The journal is written by Dr. Philip G. Zimbardo, who is a renowned social psychologist at Stanford University, and is also apart of the American Psychological Association.
Monday, October 21, 2019
Capabilities in the Workplace Bangles Pvt. Ltd. The WritePass Journal
Capabilities in the Workplace Bangles Pvt. Ltd.ï » ¿ Abstract: Capabilities in the Workplace Bangles Pvt. Ltd.ï » ¿ ). Bangles Pvt. Ltd has several core competencies which strengthen the firm and result in increased business. One of the core competencies of Bangles Pvt. Ltd is the diversified workforce, which consists of close friends and students of the owner who originate from different countries and are able to provide Bangles with unique and original ideas for bangle designs. Thus, the aesthetic appeal of Banglesââ¬â¢ products suits the modern tastes of consumers in the UK, India, Pakistan, Turkey, China, and Nigeria as the designers of Bangles originate from the countries mentioned. Another core competency of the firm is the ownerââ¬â¢s personal involvement in the business and the fact that the owner provides customers with a personalized service and is highly interactive with the customers. Additionally, the owner also provides a customized service to customers who wish to get their own bangles designed at an affordable price. Also, the ownerââ¬â¢s large social circle and connection s with people in Asia who can help in expanding and managing the business is also a core competence as the owner will not have to associate with unknown parties in order to achieve expansion into Asia. The organizational capabilities of the firm are the manner in which people are managed in a firm in order to gain a competitive advantage (Grafton, Lillis, Widener, 2010). The organizational capabilities of Bangles include the ownerââ¬â¢s excellence in human resource management as she has been successful in motivating employees since the businessââ¬â¢s inception. The ownerââ¬â¢s charismatic leadership style and the informal organizational culture of the firm help the employees remain comfortable and united with one another. The owner also attempts to organize the employees in the organization through the use of various communication tools including a personal group on WhatsApp, an intranet which enables the employees to interact with one another, and through the use of video conferencing when applicable (Bangles Pvt Ltd, 2014).The businessââ¬â¢s strong internal associations and the fact that all of the designers in the firm are educated, trained, and experienced in the f ield of arts and crafts enables the firm to perform faster and more efficiently in order to quickly meet customer demand. The lack of misunderstandings between employees and the close connection between employees and the owner also serves as a source of competitive advantage and enables the work to be done quicker. The organization is currently working on capacity-building as it has previously increased its capacity by purchasing three small machines, which help cut the thread and sew on the beads for intricately and delicately designed bangles. Using these machines has sufficiently increased the capacity of the firm and Bangles has been able to complete more orders than it previously had. The company has recently tried division of labour and instead of asking one designer to complete a full pair of bangles, they have tried to break down the tasks and let one worker complete a portion of an order while the others complete other portions. This has shown commendable results recently as capacity has slightly increased. In order to solve the problems arising from an expansion into the Asian market, Bangles must use its core competencies, organizational capabilities, and capacity-building tools to its advantage. The owner can use the core competency of having a diversified workforce to be able to accurately meet the aesthetic demands of customers in Asian countries. Moreover, the owner needs to use her social connections in order to appoint a reliable manager in Asia who will help in the distribution of Banglesââ¬â¢ products and also manage the brand image of the firm. The owner can make use of the firmââ¬â¢s strong communication network to set up a system in which she communicates with customers in Asia herself or responds to their messages as soon as possible if there is a difference in timings in order to provide them with a personalized and customized service where applicable. Thus, to efficiently manage business in Asia, the owner must make use of her charismatic leadership style to constantly remain in touch with employees and the manger in Asia and ensure she is updated upon changing trends. The owner must also have a rigid plan towards crisis management in order to ensure that she is able to solve such problems without increasing hassle and confusion and risk in damaging the brandââ¬â¢s reputation. The owner can also extend the intranet to include employees in Asia and to ensure that she communicates with them personally in order to ensure that they are familiar with the organizational culture and are absorbed into the enthusiasm of being a part of the organization. These are the strategies that the firm can use by making use of its existing core competencies and capabilities. However, the firm may also need to enhance other departments in order to efficiently compete in the Asian market. Conclusion and Recommendations: It is evident that the firm has numerous core competencies and organizational capabilities which enable the firm to efficiently compete in the market and which can be used to its advantage in expanding into the Asian market. However, the firm may consider increasing its efficiency and capacity by hiring additional designers in Asia who can produce the bangles there and ship them to customers easily and without additional cost. Moreover, the firm may also hire additional staff in the UK to ensure that there is always someone available online to cater to customer queries and demands. In order to appropriately achieve this, Bangles may also consider giving its staff training in customer service and managing across cultures. Hence, the firmââ¬â¢s core competencies of a diversified workforce, strong social connections, and the ownerââ¬â¢s personal involvement in the business serve to be highly beneficial while organizational capabilities of a strong communication network and informal organizational culture are redeem high benefits. References Bangles Pvt. Ltd. (2014) Facebook Page [online] Accessed on: February 20, 2014 Available at: https://www.facebook.com/bangles Grafton, J., Lillis, A. M., Widener, S. K. (2010). ââ¬Å"The role of performance measurement and evaluation in building organizational capabilities and performance.â⬠à Accounting, Organizations and Society. Vol.à 35(7) pp. 689-706. Gupta, R. K. (2013). ââ¬Å"Core Competencies for Business Excellence.â⬠à Advances in Management. Vol.à 6 (10). pp. 712-723
Sunday, October 20, 2019
The Cooperative Principle in Conversation
The Cooperative Principle in Conversation In conversation analysis, the cooperative principle is the assumption that participants in a conversation normally attempt to be informative, truthful, relevant, and clear. The concept of the cooperative principle was introduced by philosopher H. Paul Grice in his article Logic and Conversation (Syntax and Semantics, 1975). In that article, Grice argued that talk exchanges arent merely a succession of disconnected remarks, and would not be rational if they did. They are characteristically, to some degree at least, cooperative efforts; and each participant recognizes in them, to some extent, a common purpose or set of purposes, or at least a mutually accepted direction.à Examples and Observations We might then formulate a rough general principle which participants will be expected (ceteris paribus) to observe, namely: Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. One might label this the Cooperative Principle.à (Paul Grice, Logic and Conversation, 1975. Reprinted in Studies in the Way of Words. Harvard Universityà Press, 1989)[T]heà sum and substance of the Cooperativeà Principle might be put this way: Do whatever is necessary to achieve the purpose of your talk; dont do anything that will frustrate that purpose. (Aloysius Martinich,à Communication and Reference.à Walter de Gruyter, 1984) Grice's Conversational Maxims [Paul] Grice fleshed out the cooperative principle in four conversational maxims, which are commandments that people tacitly follow (or should follow) to further the conversation efficiently: Quantity: Say no less than the conversation requires.Say no more than the conversation requires. Quality: Dont say what you believe to be false.Dont say things for which you lack evidence. Manner: Dont be obscure.Dont be ambiguous.Be brief.Be orderly. Relevance: Be relevant. People undoubtedly can be tight-lipped, long-winded, mendacious, cavalier, obscure, ambiguous, verbose, rambling, or off-topic. But on closer examination they are far less so than they could be, given the possibilities. . . . Because human hearers can count on some degree of adherence to the maxims, they can read between the lines, weed out unintended ambiguities, and connect the dots when they listen and read. (Steven Pinker, The Stuff of Thought. Viking, 2007) Cooperation vs. Agreeableness We need to make a distinction between communicatively cooperative and socially cooperative . . ..à The Cooperative Principle isà not about being positive and socially smooth, or agreeable. It is a presumption that when people speak, they intend and expect that they will communicate by doing so, and that the hearer will help at making this happen. When two people quarrel or have a disagreement, the Cooperative Principle still holds, even though the speakers may not be doing anything positive or cooperative. . . . Even if individuals are aggressive, self-serving, egotistic, and so on, and not quite focusing on the other participants of the interaction, they cant have spoken at all to someone else without expecting that something would come out of it, that there would be some result, and that the other person/s was/were engaged with them. That is what the Cooperative Principle is all about, and it certainly does have to continue to be considered as the main driving force in communic ation. (Istvan Kecskes,à Intercultural Pragmatics. Oxford University Press,à 2014) Jack Reacher's Telephone Conversation The operator answeredà and I asked for Shoemakerà and I got transferred, maybe elsewhere in the building, or the country, or the world, and after a bunch of clicksà and hisses and some long minutes of dead air Shoemaker came on the line and said Yes? This is Jack Reacher, I said. Where are you? Dont you have all kinds of automatic machines to tell you that? Yes, he said. Youre in Seattle, on a pay phoneà down by the fish market. But we prefer it when people volunteer the information themselves. We find that makes the subsequent conversation go better. Because theyre already cooperating. Theyre invested. In what? The conversation. Are we having a conversation? Not really. (Lee Child, Personal.à Delacorte Press, 2014) The Lighter Side of the Cooperative Principle Sheldon Cooper: Ive been giving the matter some thought, and I think Id be willing to be a house pet to a race of superintelligent aliens.ââ¬â¹ Leonard Hofstadter: Interesting.ââ¬â¹ Sheldon Cooper: Ask me why?ââ¬â¹ Leonard Hofstadter: Do I have to?ââ¬â¹ Sheldon Cooper: Of course. Thats how you move a conversation forward. (Jim Parsons andà Johnny Galecki, The Financial Permeability. The Big Bang Theory, 2009)
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Letter from Birmingham Jail - Essay Example King wrote a letter in response to criticisms he had received while in prison. He was responding to the critics of nonviolence means and injustices before the law. He addressed his letter to his fellow clergymen who termed his actions as unwise. He said that he was trying to answer their criticisms in realistic terms. His response begins by expressing the reasons for his presence in Birmingham. He added that his presence in Birmingham is because he is invited for organizational ties. He refutes the accusations of his fellows who had argued that he is an outsider in Birmingham. King says that his desire to end injustice like the eighteenth century prophets drove him to Birmingham. King accuses the leaders of criticizing his acts of peaceful demonstrations, yet they could not address the conditions that fuelled the demonstrations.King says that, any nonviolent campaign involves four steps; assembling of facts on the existing injustices, meditation, self- purification and real action. F acts about the situation must be established, and brutality identified. Campaigns require facts, not guesswork and are meant to change the existing conditions of injustice and not personal gain. He argues that Birmingham is the most segregated city in the United States, leading in brutality and unjust treatment of Negroes. He added that the Negro fathers had tried to negotiate with the city leaders who refused to listen to them. The promises made to the clergy leaders by the city fathers were unfulfilled.
Friday, October 18, 2019
Obesrvation of baskball game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Obesrvation of baskball game - Essay Example Niels Giffey Defensive Rebound. Foul on Kenny Kaminski. DeAndre Daniels made Free Throw. DeAndre Daniels missed Free Throw. Adreian Payne Defensive Rebound. Adreian Payne missed Jumper. Niels Giffey Defensive Rebound. Ryan Boatright missed Three Point Jumper. Gary Harris made Layup. Assisted by Keith (Bonesteel, 2014). Appling. Phillip Nolan Offensive Rebound. Connecticut Turnover at the official time out. Branden Dawson missed Jumper. Niels Giffey made Jumper. Assisted by Shabazz Napier. Denzel Valentine made Three Point Jumper. Assisted by Matt Costello then the first half ended .The second half; Jump Ball won by Connecticut. Foul on Keith Appling. Shabazz Napier missed Three Point Jumper. Gary Harris made Jumper. Adreian Payne made Three Point Jumper. Assisted by Gary Harris. Adreian Payne made Jumper. Assisted by Denzel Valentine before Connecticutââ¬â¢s time out. Shabazz Napier made Three Point Jumper. Phillip Nolan made Layup. Assisted by Ryan Boatright. After Michiganââ¬â¢s time out Ryan Boatright made Three Point Jumper. Assisted by Phillip Nolan and the game ended (Bonesteel,
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)